We present the final results for the deuteron spin structure functions
obtained from the full data set collected with Jefferson Lab's CLAS in
2000-2001. Polarized electrons with energies of 1.6, 2.5, 4.2 and 5.8 GeV were
scattered from deuteron ($^{15}$ND$_3$) targets, dynamically polarized along
the beam direction, and detected with CLAS. From the measured double spin
asymmetry, the virtual photon absorption asymmetry $A_1^d$ and the polarized
structure function $g_1^d$ were extracted over a wide kinematic range (0.05
GeV$^2 < Q^2 <$ 5 GeV$^2$ and 0.9 GeV $< W <$ 3 GeV). We use an unfolding
procedure and a parametrization of the corresponding proton results to extract
from these data the polarized structure functions $A_1^n$ and $g_1^n$ of the
(bound) neutron, which are so far unknown in the resonance region, $W < 2$ GeV.
We compare our final results, including several moments of the deuteron and
neutron spin structure functions, with various theoretical models and
expectations as well as parametrizations of the world data. The unprecedented
precision and dense kinematic coverage of these data can aid in future
extractions of polarized parton distributions, tests of perturbative QCD
predictions for the quark polarization at large $x$, a better understanding of
quark-hadron duality, and more precise values for higher-twist matrix elements
in the framework of the Operator Product Expansion.
