We report the first measurement of the target-normal single-spin asymmetry in deep-inelastic scattering from the inclusive reaction $^3$He$^{\uparrow}\left(e,e' \right)X$ on a polarized $^3$He gas target. Assuming time-reversal invariance, this asymmetry is strictly zero in the Born approximation but can be non-zero if two-photon-exchange contributions are included. The experiment, conducted at Jefferson Lab using a 5.89 GeV electron beam, covers a range of $1.7 < W < 2.9$ GeV, $1.02$ GeV, which is non-zero at the $2.89\sigma$ level. Our measured asymmetry agrees both in sign and magnitude with a two-photon-exchange model prediction that uses input from the Sivers transverse momentum distribution obtained from semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering.

Katich, J

Qian, X

Zhao, YX

Allada, K

Aniol, K

Annand, JRM

Averett, T

Benmokhtar, F

Bertozzi, W

Bradshaw, PC

Bosted, P

Camsonne, A

Canan, M

Cates, GD

Chen, C

Chen, J-P

Chen, W

Chirapatpimol, K

Chudakov, E

Cisbani, E

Cornejo, JC

Cusanno, F

Dalton, MM

Deconinck, W

Jager, CW de

Leo, R De

Deng, X

Deur, A

Ding, H

Dolph, PAM

Dutta, C

Dutta, D

Fassi, L El

Frullani, S

Gao, H

Garibaldi, F

Gaskell, D

Gilad, S

Gilman, R

Glamazdin, O

Golge, S

Guo, L

Hamilton, D

Hansen, O

Higinbotham, DW

Holmstrom, T

Huang, J

Huang, M

Ibrahim, HF

Iodice, M

Jiang, X

Jin, G

Jones, MK

Kelleher, A

Kim, W

Kolarkar, A

Korsch, W

LeRose, JJ

Li, X

Li, Y

Lindgren, R

Liyanage, N

Long, E

Lu, H-J

Margaziotis, DJ

Markowitz, P

Marrone, S

McNulty, D

Meziani, Z-E

Michaels, R

Moffit, B

Camacho, C Muńoz

Nanda, S

Narayan, A

Nelyubin, V

Norum, B

Oh, Y

Osipenko, M

Parno, D

Peng, JC

Phillips, SK

Posik, M

Puckett, AJR

Qiang, Y

Rakhman, A

Ransome, RD

Riordan, S

Saha, A

Sawatzky, B

Schulte, E

Shahinyan, A

Shabestari, MH

Širca, S

Stepanyan, S

Subedi, R

Sulkosky, V

Tang, L-G

Tobias, A

Urciuoli, GM

Vilardi, I

Wang, K

Wang, Y

Wojtsekhowski, B

Yan, X

Yao, H

Ye, Y

Ye, Z

Yuan, L

Zhan, X

Zhang, Y

Zhang, Y-W

Zhao, B

Zheng, X

Zhu, L

Zhu, X

Zong, X

November 1, 2013

Phys. Rev. Lett.  Journal